Government Debt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Government Debt - Essay Example External government debt refers to the aggregate funds collected from outside the country from foreign investors and governments. According to Gartner (2006, p. 68) the government will always sell its securities in the open market when it wants to raise funds from the investors. Key traded government securities in the open market include but not limited to treasury bills, notes and bonds (Snowdon & Vane (1997, p.103). Sovereign debt refers to government debt owed to investors mostly foreign in foreign currencies. Shone (1989, p. 119) states that Sovereign debts are normally used by the government when they are in need of large amount of money to carry out an expensive public project. Sovereign debt is considered risky owing to the fact that it is affected by fluctuation in currency and any default by the issuing company may translate to low credit rating and no further debt advancement as foreign investors will be scared away. Government bonds, which is the common form of raising rev enue from local investors in local currency is highly preferred by most government because it is not affected by the credit rating of the country (Miles & Scott 2005, p.19). It is unfortunate that the United Kingdom government debt has been growing at an alarming rate over the recent past. The global recession that began in 2008 has left several developed nation into huge debts. Carlin and Soskice (2006;101), asserts that the UK higher budget deficit can be attributed to the large government spending and low government revenue owing to loss of jobs and reduced spending. The UK society has been enjoying the deficit sending without a glimpse at its consequences. The United Kingdom debt which includes the aggregate amount of money owned by the central government in form of government bonds, sovereign bonds, Social Security trust fund, and accrued capital expenditure. Fiscal consolidation refers to the policies taken by the government to manage its debt and reduce its budget deficit. Fi scal consolidation policies vary from country to country depending on the financial objective of the government. Most countries are always caught up in dilemma when it comes to fiscal consolidation especially during recession. Most economies have been unstable since the beginning of recession as unemployment rate increases from time to time, key companies facing financial constraints and individuals losing mortgages and thus it becomes difficult for the government to decide whether to come up with economic stimulus or fiscal consolidation policies. For instance the UK government has been facing bulging public debt and budget deficit while the same time unemployment rate is escalating unprecedentedly. Tobin theory is a theory of investment behavior also renowned as Tonin’s Q Theory and denoted by letter â€Å"q†. This theory is used to determine the ratio of the companies issued shares (share capital) to the replacement cost associated with the assets of the company. Th ree significant situations are evident when relating the market value and the replacement cost and they include â€Å"q† being greater (q>1), lower (q

Corruption in Sudan Essay Example for Free

Corruption in Sudan Essay Other cities like Omdurman have 2. 1 million, Port Sudan have a total population of 450,000. Kassala, Kosti, Juba are the capital of southern region. People from the country are called Sudanese and 2009 in July Population was 41,087,825: 2. 143%. There are two ethnic groups namely : Arab/Muslim, theses group of people live on the northern part of the country and black African or Christian on south. There are also two types of religion, Islam (official), indigenous beliefs (southern Sudan), Christianity. There are also many languages like Arabic which is official, English also official, tribal languages. Education in Sudan is compulsory for some years,8 Attendance(35%-40%). Literacy level is 61. 1. This country’s main natural resources include reserves of oil, gold, natural gas copper, iron ore and other industrial metals. Sudan got its independence on January 1, 1956 and the type of government they operate is the provisional government which was established by the comprehensive peace Agreement (CPA) and signed in January 2005. This offers power sharing as far as the national elections takes place. The national election took place starting from April, November 2010. Sudan became the largest debtor to the World Bank and IMF by 1993 this resulted to the suspension of their voting rights by IMF and withdrawals under operative and fully expended loans and credit by the World Bank. It was also said that â€Å"extensive petroleum exploration began in mid1970’s and might cover all of Sudan’s economic and energy needs†. This year according to martin † Sudan may need as much as $1. 5billion of foreign aid a year and plans 2 slash government spending by a quarter as it faces budget difficulties due to its recent split into two countries, its finance minister said† and according to the finance minister† we’re expecting 6 percent (economic growth) or a little more for 2012† There have been conflicts with the northern and southern part of Sudan that have killed 1. 5 million people and also driving many ethnic groups and people from their homes. Sudan had had several episodes of civil welfare since its independence, broke association and now rule with Egypt (this actually did not benefit them anything but further trouble). All regions of Sudan face problems, both the south and the north and corruption can be counted as one of them. The southern part of Sudan has separated as an autonomous region in July 2011 even though it is a different state but it is still a very poor nation with a very low human development. Media on the southern part of Sudan is very poor, undeveloped and not well equipped. A journalist(s) does not have the right to broadcast, report or give any news, information to Darfur (other part of Sudan) and if any journalist(s) violates that law, he/she/they would be severely punished and even be jailed. Today, many journalists are still in prison and only God knows when they might be freed and which will be out. For example, in October 2010, a radio station ’Dabanga’ in Khartoum after a movement of arrests was shut down by the government and seven of its employees have been alleged of exposing state secretes, breaking the constitutional system, the punishment foe this crime is a death penalty. The civil war of 1991 in southern Sudan destroyed almost all southern medical facilities except those that had been rebuilt to treat their people who have been wounded in Juba, Malakal and Waw, these three hospitals are controlled by the government. The facilities were impracticable to use because of the scarcity of the most basic medical materials and a similar problem is faced in the northern Sudan, health care facilities had been considered helpless by the economic situation. Sudan does not have the hard currency to buy basic drugs, such as antibiotics and anti-malarial drugs, and the most important equipment, such as syringes. Private medical care in towns still functions but was also hindered by the scarcity of pharmaceuticals. In conclusion, I think after analyzing these situations in the area of banking, finance, media and medicine, the conflicts and political instability and so one, those should or are the main reason why Sudan is rated as one of the most corrupt countries in the world.

The Collape of Animal Farm Essay -- Animal Farm George Orwell Essays

The Collape of Animal Farm In today’s world, people have always strived to create a utopian society. In the novel ANIMAL FARM written by George Orwell, the animals strive to create their own utopian society based on equality and prosperity. Animalism was created to, as like the Ten Commandments, Animalism’s Seven Commandments were rules for the animals to live by. However, similar to God’s rules, Animalism was a difficult concept for all the animals to follow and live by. Secondly, the collapse of Animal Farm was due to the animal’s own intelligence and their ability to fully understand how the farm was being run. Finally, the failure of Animal Farm was due to in large part by the pigs power over the other animals and the greed and desires that the pigs wanted to achieve. Therefore, the collapse of Animal Farm had to do with Animalism itself, the animals, and the corruption of the pigs. Animalism had a great effect on Animal Farm. In the beginning of the novel, all the animals cared only for one thing. The defeat of Mr. Jones, and the equality of each animal. After Mr. Jones was finally defeated, and the animals were on their own, the Seven Commandments, (similar to the Ten Commandments) were established. The Seven Commandments were to be the principles of Animalism, an unalterable law by which all animals must live by. The pigs, Snowball and Napoleon along with the other animals, decided to inscribe the commandments on the wall, in large white lettering, so that they never be forgotten. These commandments were established for the good of each animal, to maintain order and a peaceful life on the farm. Old Major, the prized middle white boar, taught Animalism and the commandments. He was the leader of the animal’s rebellion. Old Major was the one who led the way for the animals, and taught them exactly what Animalism meant. He clearly states this in the speech he gave, a few days before his death. â€Å"Among us animals let there be perfect unity, perfect comradeship in the struggle. All men are enemies. All animals are comrades.† In the beginning, the animals lived each day the way Old Major taught them to. However, throughout the novel, Animalism slowly began to break away. Men were becoming comrades to the pigs, and the other animals were played as fools. The farm was collapsing little by little. Due to the animal’s low understanding and intelligence, th... ... read what was written there. But it appears to me that that wall looks different. Are the Seven Commandments the same as they used to be Benjamin?† It was true, the wall was different. All the commandments were gone, except for one single commandment which read, â€Å"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.† The pig’s power had taken over Animal Farm. They had completely ravaged everything they once believed in. Even the name was changed back to Manor Farm. Napoleon was no longer an animal, nor the leader of the animals. He was a human, and an inspiration to other humans. Everything was gone, and Animal Farm, was no more. Consequently, Animal Farm was beyond repair. Due to animalism itself, the animals, and the corruption of the pigs, Animal Farm was collapsed. Everything the animals did to overcome humans, to gain equality and prosperity was done for nothing. Without a doubt, the collapse of Animal Farm was never engaged to happen, the pigs always did want power. Their power destroyed everything that Old Major asked of them. Animals for centuries to come, will never have the equality they deserve, due to a few rules which were not able to be attained.

Primary Health Care Essay -- Health, Policies, Regulations

Part A Primary health care evolves from the economic, cultural, social, and political conditions of a country, and it is described as an essential part of health care that is universally provided to individuals in a community at the country's and community's expense (World Health Organisation [WHO], 1978). The goal of primary health care is to address the main local health problems, but it involves community education about these problems in addition to providing disease treatments (WHO, 1978). Furthermore, primary health care is concerned with nutrition promotion, sanitation standards, family planning, immunisation, disease control and prevention, and it promotes and relies on community and individual participation in primary health care functions (WHO, 1978). Population health is concerned with policies and interventions that result in positive health outcomes within a community and further distribution of these outcomes among the individuals of the community (Kindig and Stoddart, 2003). Primary health care and population health overlap and complement each other because primary health care builds the fundamental infrastructure of the national health care system (WHO, 1978), so other aspects of national health care are built upon the principles, organisation, and functions defined in the country's primary health care policies and regulations. For example, primary care is provided to individuals, and population health is concerned with community health. However, population health depends on proper individual care because individuals with potentially communicable disease can be a threat to public health, so population health can plan its interventions in the community based on evidence collected from primary health observations... ...r intervention accordingly. Item #6. Finally, the issue of an influenza pandemic must be addressed by agencies and organisations other than health care providers, so the occupational health nurse in the role of the educator will notify and counsel boarder controls, travel agencies, and all international organisations about proper rules and regulations in this situation because entering and leaving Australia during a pandemic should not be allowed without proper vaccination. Although quarantines have proven ineffective against flu pandemics in the past, and a 90% air travel restriction can delay the pandemic by no more than two weeks (GlobalSecurity.org, 2011b), making vaccination obligatory for travellers should not be overlooked because it can both slow down the progress of the disease within the Australian community and prevent spreading it to other communities. Primary Health Care Essay -- Health, Policies, Regulations Part A Primary health care evolves from the economic, cultural, social, and political conditions of a country, and it is described as an essential part of health care that is universally provided to individuals in a community at the country's and community's expense (World Health Organisation [WHO], 1978). The goal of primary health care is to address the main local health problems, but it involves community education about these problems in addition to providing disease treatments (WHO, 1978). Furthermore, primary health care is concerned with nutrition promotion, sanitation standards, family planning, immunisation, disease control and prevention, and it promotes and relies on community and individual participation in primary health care functions (WHO, 1978). Population health is concerned with policies and interventions that result in positive health outcomes within a community and further distribution of these outcomes among the individuals of the community (Kindig and Stoddart, 2003). Primary health care and population health overlap and complement each other because primary health care builds the fundamental infrastructure of the national health care system (WHO, 1978), so other aspects of national health care are built upon the principles, organisation, and functions defined in the country's primary health care policies and regulations. For example, primary care is provided to individuals, and population health is concerned with community health. However, population health depends on proper individual care because individuals with potentially communicable disease can be a threat to public health, so population health can plan its interventions in the community based on evidence collected from primary health observations... ...r intervention accordingly. Item #6. Finally, the issue of an influenza pandemic must be addressed by agencies and organisations other than health care providers, so the occupational health nurse in the role of the educator will notify and counsel boarder controls, travel agencies, and all international organisations about proper rules and regulations in this situation because entering and leaving Australia during a pandemic should not be allowed without proper vaccination. Although quarantines have proven ineffective against flu pandemics in the past, and a 90% air travel restriction can delay the pandemic by no more than two weeks (GlobalSecurity.org, 2011b), making vaccination obligatory for travellers should not be overlooked because it can both slow down the progress of the disease within the Australian community and prevent spreading it to other communities. Primary Health Care Essay -- Health, Policies, Regulations Part A Primary health care evolves from the economic, cultural, social, and political conditions of a country, and it is described as an essential part of health care that is universally provided to individuals in a community at the country's and community's expense (World Health Organisation [WHO], 1978). The goal of primary health care is to address the main local health problems, but it involves community education about these problems in addition to providing disease treatments (WHO, 1978). Furthermore, primary health care is concerned with nutrition promotion, sanitation standards, family planning, immunisation, disease control and prevention, and it promotes and relies on community and individual participation in primary health care functions (WHO, 1978). Population health is concerned with policies and interventions that result in positive health outcomes within a community and further distribution of these outcomes among the individuals of the community (Kindig and Stoddart, 2003). Primary health care and population health overlap and complement each other because primary health care builds the fundamental infrastructure of the national health care system (WHO, 1978), so other aspects of national health care are built upon the principles, organisation, and functions defined in the country's primary health care policies and regulations. For example, primary care is provided to individuals, and population health is concerned with community health. However, population health depends on proper individual care because individuals with potentially communicable disease can be a threat to public health, so population health can plan its interventions in the community based on evidence collected from primary health observations... ...r intervention accordingly. Item #6. Finally, the issue of an influenza pandemic must be addressed by agencies and organisations other than health care providers, so the occupational health nurse in the role of the educator will notify and counsel boarder controls, travel agencies, and all international organisations about proper rules and regulations in this situation because entering and leaving Australia during a pandemic should not be allowed without proper vaccination. Although quarantines have proven ineffective against flu pandemics in the past, and a 90% air travel restriction can delay the pandemic by no more than two weeks (GlobalSecurity.org, 2011b), making vaccination obligatory for travellers should not be overlooked because it can both slow down the progress of the disease within the Australian community and prevent spreading it to other communities.

Obesity In Children And Adolescence Essay

Obesity in children and adolescence has become a major issue throughout America. Parents do not realize the health problems that their children have or will acquire later on in life. Obesity is a huge health issue, although it can be avoided by children becoming more active, changing their diet, or even taking away their video games. Children do not know any better, therefore, when parents over indulge them; eating large amounts becomes a learned behavior leading to obesity. Parents should encourage their child(ren) to become active as one of the ways to avoid obesity. Signing their children up to play in local sports leagues that their community may have such as t-ball and wee-ball for smaller kids or soccer, baseball, and basketball for older kids is a great way to keep them active. These sports are seasonal, which may help the child not feel overwhelmed with so much at once, then again being seasonal will help keep the child active all year around. Extra-curricular activities are a great way to keep older kids or teens active. High schools all over the country participate in track, cross-country, volleyball, swimming, even dance teams. Being active and working on physical fitness are just a few ideas to keep your body’s metabolism high and avoid obesity. A child’s diet has a massive impact on their weight, therefore maintaining a healthy eating routine will also prevent obesity. Although now a days America’s nuclear family has developed into a single parent family, the parent cannot slack off. Time is very limited but is not an excuse to tell the children â€Å"Hey kids we’ll grab some McDonalds on the way!† Even as a single parent there is still time to sit down and plan a menu with better food choices. Since the kids are at school all week that just means the menu only has to be for breakfast and dinner except on the weekends and days off. Taking time for the child’s eating routine is necessary and could save worry and struggles later on. Eating less fast food will definitely cut calories and over indulging, drinking more water, juice, and less soda will help as well. Video games! Children and teens absolutely love their video games, but are they playing on them too much? Video games encourage plenty of inside time, take away from the child running around and getting dirty because of eating a mud pie, and the child develops bad eating habits. By taking away the video game for a few hours you could go outside and run through the sprinkler in the summertime, or rake leaves in the fall. Going to the park could also be an alternative for the video games. Some chores would be helpful, having the child active to earn some Xbox or game time is an idea. It is surprising to think that burning calories and working out by just doing a little bit of cleaning around the house actually helps. Obesity is a huge health issue, although it can be avoided by children becoming more active, changing their diet, or even taking away their video games. These three solutions are just some food for thought, there are plenty more ideas and fun ways to stay away from the big issue; obesity. Children cannot avoid it on their own, it all starts at home. As a parent take charge and guide your child through a healthy life and lifestyle.

Essay on Unit 42

Essay on Unit 42 Essay on Unit 42 Name/Number: Michael Alan Smith/6343HNDDL Address: Sluzska 780/36 Praha 8 Czech Republic Post code / Zip: 182 00 Telephone No: 00420 608 52 11 96 Email Address: michaelalan.smith@yahoo.com Date: 09/12/2014 Course Name: HND Tutor Name: Richard Herbert Assignment Name: Project Management for Business Section 1 Introduction Section 1 of this unit will demonstrate an understanding of project management principles. It will describe the background and principles of project management and appraise the viability of projects developing success/failure criteria. It will explain the principles behind project management systems and procedures. Finally it will explain the key elements involved in terminating projects and conducting post-project appraisals. Background and principles Project management in its most basic form has been with us for centuries, the ancient Egyptians building the pyramids, the Great Wall of China and so many other huge building projects from centuries ago. But it was not until 1917 when Henry Gantt developed the self-named Gantt chart that we start to see the developments of a more modern way to manage projects. The Gantt chart was basically a scheduling diagram. ganttchart.com The idea behind the Gantt chart was to list all process within the project and give a start and end date for them. This was first used on the hover dame project. However, the use of the Gantt chart didn’t take into account other aspects of project management such as budgets or the political aspects that can come with projects. It wasn’t until after the end of the Second World War that the development of more modern approaches to project management began to develop. The 1950’s marked the begging of the modern project management era. In 1956 the DuPont Corporation develop the critical path method (CPM) to predict the estimated length of a project. The idea was to analyse which sequence of activities and determine which one has the most flexibility in scheduling. The tool was developed to help with the shutdown of chemical plants for maintenance to take place. It was estimated to save to corporation $1million dollars in the first year of implementation. A simple example of critical path analysis can be seen below; this example is what is needed to make spaghetti carbonara. lindsay-sherwin.co.uk/project_framework/htm_2_planning_a_project/11_critical_path_analysis.htm The project will take 21 minutes to complete The critical path lies on the activities - "Get Ingredients - Cook Spaghetti - Drain Spaghetti - and Mix Sauce and Spaghetti and Serve". Any delay in these activities will increase the total project time (as well as spoiling the meal). Other developments in the 50’s and 60’s included: PERT programme evaluation review technique. This is used to analyse the time needed to complete each task involved in completing a project identifying the minimum time for completion. Prince in the late 1980’s was developed by the UK government, Projects in controlled environments became the UK governments standard for IT/IS projects. The method was based on the principle of â€Å"assuring progress† within a project from 3 separate but linked perspectives. A revision of the methodology in the late 1990’s after it was said to be too rigid and only usable on larger projects gave us Prince2; a more generic tool that can be used on projects other than just IT/IS. http://zenexmachina.wordpress.com/2013/04/03/prince2-processes-vs-agile-development-methodologies Despite the continued use of these and many other project tolls that have been developed, the princible of modern project management have changed over the years. Project managers are now concerned with aspects of a project such as defining objectives, the bases of most projects is to achieve a set objective and this should be defined at the initial stage or formability stage of a project. The project

Free Essays on Harriett Jacobs

In today’s society no human being can ever imagine the pain, loneliness, anguish, and complete agony, that black women encountered during slavery. These women endured this pain their whole lives, there only joy and since of pride came from there children and families, who were ripped away from them and sold, never to be seen or heard from again. In the book, Incidents in the Life of Slave Girl, Linda Brent tells a breathtaking story of how her twenty years was spent in slavery with her master Dr. Flint. She speaks of her negative situations and how she overcame them. She takes you into the depths of slavery and shows you how slavery really was. She tells you the love and pain of being an unmarried slave mother. At around the age of twenty or so, Linda escapes and ends up in very small garret only nine foot long and seven foot wide. She lived in this hole with not even a crack of light, no clean air, and hardly ever moved for close to seven years. She finally was able to escape and make it to the North. She and her children lived a much better life and most importantly they all lived free. In the book Linda has mixed feelings about her children because like any mother she so dearly loves them. She doesn’t want them to go through the same things that she has so she wants them to die, but since she loves them so much she doesn’t want to become like other slave mothers by losing her children. How torn and powerless she must have felt as a slave mother. Linda also speaks of "The Slaves New Year’s Day", this was the time that slaves everywhere were sold and leased. Many mothers were torn from their husbands and their children. Linda speaks of one woman she witnessed, "I saw a mother lead seven children to the auction-block. She knew that some of them would be taken from her; but they took all . . . (The woman screamed) Gone! All gone! Why doesn’t God kill me?" Linda explains that things like this happen daily, even hourly. Lindaï ¿ ½... Free Essays on Harriett Jacobs Free Essays on Harriett Jacobs In today’s society no human being can ever imagine the pain, loneliness, anguish, and complete agony, that black women encountered during slavery. These women endured this pain their whole lives, there only joy and since of pride came from there children and families, who were ripped away from them and sold, never to be seen or heard from again. In the book, Incidents in the Life of Slave Girl, Linda Brent tells a breathtaking story of how her twenty years was spent in slavery with her master Dr. Flint. She speaks of her negative situations and how she overcame them. She takes you into the depths of slavery and shows you how slavery really was. She tells you the love and pain of being an unmarried slave mother. At around the age of twenty or so, Linda escapes and ends up in very small garret only nine foot long and seven foot wide. She lived in this hole with not even a crack of light, no clean air, and hardly ever moved for close to seven years. She finally was able to escape and make it to the North. She and her children lived a much better life and most importantly they all lived free. In the book Linda has mixed feelings about her children because like any mother she so dearly loves them. She doesn’t want them to go through the same things that she has so she wants them to die, but since she loves them so much she doesn’t want to become like other slave mothers by losing her children. How torn and powerless she must have felt as a slave mother. Linda also speaks of "The Slaves New Year’s Day", this was the time that slaves everywhere were sold and leased. Many mothers were torn from their husbands and their children. Linda speaks of one woman she witnessed, "I saw a mother lead seven children to the auction-block. She knew that some of them would be taken from her; but they took all . . . (The woman screamed) Gone! All gone! Why doesn’t God kill me?" Linda explains that things like this happen daily, even hourly. Lindaï ¿ ½...

Icici bak merger Essays

Icici bak merger Essays Icici bak merger Essay Icici bak merger Essay It can be defined as a strategy to achieve faster growth, desired capital structure and change in the ownership and control of company. The reasons behind change may be external or internal factors. In the present scenario, business organization undertakes changes to increase their cutting edge over the competition and enhance their leadership positions. It is a fundamental fact of finance that growth and capital employed are two basic drivers of the value of an organization. On the other hand neither growth nor improvement in ROCK is possible unless the company is under the control of competent, progressive and visionary management. The present paper is an attempt to understand the strategic move of CHIC bank. The case study will veal the motives behind and synergies from such MA activities. An attempt has been made to analyze, Is corporate restructuring a tool to enhance the shareholders value. Why CHIC Bank has taken such a strategic move and many more questions will be solved from the case study. 192 Mergers and acquisitions in banking sector has become admired trend throughout the country. A large number of public sector, private sector and other banks are engaged in mergers and acquisitions activities in India. One of the prominent motives behind Mergers and Acquisitions in the banking sector is to harvest the benefit of economies of scales. With the help of mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector, the banks can achieve significant growth in their operations and Meltzer tenet expenses to a considerable extent say Tort example Installation expenses for setting up new branches will be saved. Secondly, the most significant vantage is that it eliminates competition from the banking industry. Proven to be an act of corporate action, mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector has ensured efficiency, profitability and synergy from past many years.

Sexism and the mythology of the weaker sex Essay

Sexism and the mythology of the weaker sex - Essay Example In the Ebony Magazine of August 1966, Era Bell Thompson evolved out with the article where she desperately and deliberately discussed the evolution of women as a ‘weaker sex’. In her article bearing the title, â€Å"What Weaker Sex† she ogles out her despair, â€Å"MEN CALL her a member of Weaker Sex and make exaggerated allowances for her family. They also sing songs to her fair beauty. Like a priceless vase, this gentle creature- so pure, so sweet, so untouchable was created to be worshipped from afar† (Ebony, 1966). The terms like, ‘weaker sex’, ‘second sex’ or ‘fairer sex’ has been assigned to the women only since ages. Men do not hold any special position in the literature, myth or folklore because he is common and general. This is not because, he is mundane but the reason for making women special, placing her on pedestal and chiming the songs of her beauty and aura is done with a vision to make her a piece from a esthetic cult or a toy to playful banter in the mighty hands of her master actually lies in the politics of dehumanizing her. History of the Idea of Women as Weaker Sex Depicting women as a feeble creature persisted since ages in the society. Women are undermined when it comes to the virtues like valor, strength or courage in present day society. If one focuses on the introspection of this mindset or thought process, one can easily come to the conclusion that over the ages a stereotype depiction of woman subjugated to the male member in the society has actually resulted in the culmination of this sort of idea for woman as a ‘ weaker sex.’ Women are not weak in physical or mental challenges. Yet, there are certain epithets like chivalry as and when was associated along the name of a woman, it has evolved out as an exemplary phenomena. And, it is a well accepted fact that exceptions cannot be considered as examples in society. Women were treated as a commodity and traces of women as a mode of exchange in the barter system evolves out in the research work of many scholars. They were slaves, and goods that can yield satisfaction or luxury since the ancient time already. Flesh trade is regarded as one of the most ancient occupations after agriculture and all these indicate to a trend where women were easily preyed and subjugated because they are physically weaker than the male members of the society. In the book, â€Å"Subordinated Sex: A History of Attitudes Toward Women† it is found that scholars have traced and argued the ancient way of acquiring a woman as wife and her position in the society. The book puts forward a very significant point where the exchange of money with bride is affirmed, â€Å"Some scholars have argued that the earliest form of marriage required the bridegroom to purchase his bride, emphasizing even further the woman as property† (Bullough, Shelton & Slavin, 2004). Exploration of Sexism over Time Peter Sterns argue s that in the pre-agricultural societies, women had the privilege of sharing same positions along with power with men. It was merely after the invent of agriculture, and invention of deskbound jobs that women were subjugated and men initiated the process of institutionalizing the

The logic of firm and market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The logic of firm and market - Essay Example . Individuals using RFID equipped credit cards are more vulnerable to this kind of thefts as it is very easy pick for unauthorized persons to gather information about the credit cards by just using a reader which just needs to be touched to the purse or wallet. This would generate instant information about the card present inside the wallet of an individual and can be misused in multiple ways without the actual owner even getting a hint of the misuse of the object. The problem has become more compounded in nature as sensitive documents like passports and driving licenses are also being issued bearing an RFID tag which makes them vulnerable to misuse. The video clip shows that in a very short span of time numerous customers can be duped of their sensitive documents without the customer even getting the slightest hint of the events happening around him/her. It has therefore tried to draw the attention of card makers and other such organizations to ensure preventive measures so as to pr event large scale misuse of this technology. Value Proposition is defined as â€Å"the business or marketing statement which summarizes the reasons as to why a customer should purchase the products and services of a firm, the nature of the statement should be such that it would be able to persuade a customer that a particular product or service offering is better than the other alternatives of the product or service available in the market† (Investopedia, â€Å"What Does Value Proposition Mean†).

Time Periods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Time Periods - Essay Example Feinstein celebrated and wondered about life if a â€Å"poet surprise him? Or would he insist on keeping a pattern to link every transfiguration? â€Å" while Dickinson talk of things that could never be. With regard to structure however, Dickinson is more straightforward and easier to understand. She used quatrains or poems of four stanzas compared to Feinstein’s loose structure of her poem which had 3-2-2-4 stanza. Feinstein’s theme may be positive but understanding her is quite a stretch for a modern audience because her metaphors are no longer used today such as â€Å"dressed in antique goggles† when she meant scientist. Scientists today no longer wear goggle. Gender orientation is also obvious in both poems. Dickinson’s â€Å"Success is Counted Sweetest† is very virile in its topic as it spoke of endeavor and a soldier and therefore, male in orientation. Feinstein’s Anniversary however is obviously female trying to convince a male, probably a husband or boyfriend who is a scientist or academician that we are all

MHE507 - Bio-Terrorism Module 4 - Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MHE507 - Bio-Terrorism Module 4 - Case - Essay Example edness has increased comparatively from the pre-9/11 period, the present state of preparedness of the public health system is such that it would not be able to cope with a catastrophe, like a bio-terrorist attack, were it to happen today (Barclay 2009). This gap in bioterrorism preparedness is underpinned by less than adequate political and economic support to the public health system. The 9/11 incident gave birth to frantic legislative activities that mainly broached, unsurprisingly, on terrorism prevention and preparedness. The Bush administration saw the enactment of the following: updated Title 18 of the US Code; the Department of Defense and Emergency Supplemental Appropriation for Recovery from and Response to Terrorist Attacks on the United States Act in January 2002 which allotted $2.9 B to HHS for bioterrorism preparedness; the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (the Bioterrorism Act) which increased the country’s capability to prevent, prepare for and meet bioterrorism (Center for Biosecurity of UPMC 2009), and; the Pandemic and All Hazards Preparedness Act in 2006 which strengthened public health infrastructure. In 2001, the Model State Emergency Health Powers Act (MSHEPA), a modern public health emergency preparedness prototype that can serve as template for state bioterrorism and other contingencies la ws, was drafted. It authorizes, among others, state and local public health agencies during catastrophic events with emergency powers. Under this model, adopted by more than 35 states, emergency powers may suspend temporarily rules and regulations that interfere with swift and effective interjurisdictional coordination or legal requirements in State business that hamper or delay rapid responses to emergencies (Roberts et al 2007). As can be gleaned, the 9/11 incident has spawned more than adequate legislative authority to combat and prevent bioterrorism. On the other hand, economic funding for

Branding and Marketing Director Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Branding and Marketing Director - Assignment Example As the discussion highlights to make the healthcare products to sell more, there will be a need to create a brand name and copyright on any original creation of the hospital so that they the business idea and the brand name cannot be leaked or stolen by other competitors. The marketing director will also have the task to plan and administer the hospital’s marketing operations budget. For the marketing department to function effectively there will be the need to carry out a thorough budgeting plan for the hospital so that the hospital can operate within a defined plan in order to avoid situations of deficit or surpluses. To operate on well planned budget will also ensure that resources are well distributed to the various marketing strategies so that the hospital can achieve its objectives through proper planning, budgeting and marketing of the hospital’s products. This paper outlines that a marketing director is also charged with a responsibility of editing materials according to specific customer and market requirements. This is to mean that, the director will have to carry out a research about different customer characteristics and behaviors, and then design healthcare products that can fit the defined customer groups. Just the same way in the food industry, a research is carried out to know the types of foods the customers prefer to use, the preparation type as well as the cost.

MHE507 - Bio-Terrorism Module 4 - Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MHE507 - Bio-Terrorism Module 4 - Case - Essay Example edness has increased comparatively from the pre-9/11 period, the present state of preparedness of the public health system is such that it would not be able to cope with a catastrophe, like a bio-terrorist attack, were it to happen today (Barclay 2009). This gap in bioterrorism preparedness is underpinned by less than adequate political and economic support to the public health system. The 9/11 incident gave birth to frantic legislative activities that mainly broached, unsurprisingly, on terrorism prevention and preparedness. The Bush administration saw the enactment of the following: updated Title 18 of the US Code; the Department of Defense and Emergency Supplemental Appropriation for Recovery from and Response to Terrorist Attacks on the United States Act in January 2002 which allotted $2.9 B to HHS for bioterrorism preparedness; the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (the Bioterrorism Act) which increased the country’s capability to prevent, prepare for and meet bioterrorism (Center for Biosecurity of UPMC 2009), and; the Pandemic and All Hazards Preparedness Act in 2006 which strengthened public health infrastructure. In 2001, the Model State Emergency Health Powers Act (MSHEPA), a modern public health emergency preparedness prototype that can serve as template for state bioterrorism and other contingencies la ws, was drafted. It authorizes, among others, state and local public health agencies during catastrophic events with emergency powers. Under this model, adopted by more than 35 states, emergency powers may suspend temporarily rules and regulations that interfere with swift and effective interjurisdictional coordination or legal requirements in State business that hamper or delay rapid responses to emergencies (Roberts et al 2007). As can be gleaned, the 9/11 incident has spawned more than adequate legislative authority to combat and prevent bioterrorism. On the other hand, economic funding for

Implementation Plan Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Implementation Plan - Case Study Example This design of the proposed system will save on cost and subsequently increase the profit margins by the end of the financial year. The implementation report will also highlight on the systems approach for building a technological software application that universally integrates all the end user entities within a central information system. Automation of this project passes will go through specific software development phases. These processes start from feeling the need of automation (Requirement analysis) to reaping the benefits of automation (project execution) within the proposed environment. In huge organizations like the DaimlerChrysler (DC) Company the implementation partners in this project have to be kept informed in order to ensure a fruitful completion of the implementation plan. A poor implementation in important IT project like this one may result in big operational troubles, huge business loss or even closure of operations. Identifying and examining the business goals of this project form the basis for achieving the objectives of the IT project proposed for the DaimlerChrysler (DC) Company. The project goals and objectives mainly define the sole purpose for carrying out the implementation of the technology project. The objectives of this implementation plan can be divided into two sections, namely: The sharing of technical and general information, for example, the CATIA files can be easily communicated to both internal and external entities authorized to participate or interact with the organization’s system. This is achieved via consolidating activities for the various entities involved with the system. For example, the time for suppliers to make and receive approval orders for mechanical is greatly reduced. Operating a universal or unified system that can be monitored from a central or remote location by a system admin facilitates reducing corruption or fraud that might

The Great Gatsby and the American Dream Essay Example for Free

The Great Gatsby and the American Dream Essay The luxury cars, ritzy parties every week that never seem to be unattended, and breezers’ (a convertible car) that always turns heads as it drives by. What more could a man want? Well the one thing he so desperately desires to have is the most unobtainable request. Gatsby’s American dream is Daisy, Daisy is a fluttery individual and sometimes isn’t the brightest bulb in the box not to mention she is married to Tom. Gatsby knew Daisy before she was married to Tom but back then things were different much, much different. Gatsby back then was a poor individual and Daisy came from money. Gatsby being a young boy fell head over heals in love with Daisy but daisy coming from money knew she would never marry the man because â€Å"rich girls don’t marry poor boys† as stated in the movie. Gatsby was completely oblivious to this fact and then left to go the military, upon returning from duty he expected to find daisy waiting for him but instead daisy was a newlywed. Gatsby’s heart was broken, but he did not stop perusing his dream. Tom and Daisy lived a life of luxury in east egg; after Gatsby went off to collage he became rather rich and moved into the house right across the lake from them. Small world wouldn’t you say?! I think not! Gatsby then tried to do everything in his power to make daisy see that he is well fit for her to come back. The parties every week, the gigantic mansion he lived in, and not to mention he kept creepy memories of Daisy and her successes. Much to Gatsby’s prevail Daisy’s cousin Nick moves in to the little house next door to him. Of course Gatsby is going to take this opportunity to get close to nick so he can finally see Daisy again. Nick finally sees a light in Gatsby and the light is hope. â€Å"Delivered suddenly from the womb of his purposeless splendor† This quote explains Nick’s previous view on Gatsby upon trying to get to know him. Nick had previously thought that Gatsby’s life was purposeless and wasteful much like Tom’s but then he realizes that everything he has done has been aimed at achieving a single goal, winning Daisy’s love. As the story progresses Gatsby gets closer and closer to finally reaching his goal of having daisy back in his life, or as it is portrayed to him. Daisy and Gatsby finally came into contact and the tea gathering Nick had at his house. There the very socially awkward Gatsby sees Daisy for the very first time and he blurts out as Daisy is trying to remember the last time she saw him, â€Å"Five years next November†. Most would think that’s extremely creepy but Gatsby truly meant it in a sentimental way showing that it has been playing on his mind ever since the day he left. When Gatsby least expects it he loses daisy for good. The green light at the end of her dock finally faded into oblivion. â€Å"So he gave that up and only the dead dream fought on† Even though Gatsby was so close to obtaining the infamous American dream the idea that the dream has a will of its own and also the suggestion that maybe what makes Gatsby special isn’t his dream but the fact he held on to it for so long while everyone else got on excepting how the world really was. It’s tragic that all his success in life and making sure he lived a life of glitz a glam was for this one girl, the girl, Daisy but never accomplished what he set out to do. All in all Gatsby didn’t get the girl and in the end he didn’t even make it out with his life but all is fair in love and war. It just goes to show that if a dream is big enough and worth wild enough a person will go to any lengths to make sure they reach it even if it mean the lost of your own life. â€Å"The American Dream† as you can see is truly unobtainable.

The Infopreneur

The Infopreneur Infopreneur Simple but, an infopreneur is a person that sells information (Chandler, 2007). The infopreneur creates an idea and provides information through the internet. An infopreneur gathers, organizing and disseminates information online as a venture or value added service. The infopreneur runs an information-based business and is available to users of the internet with ease. There is a clear route of disseminate transform profit/ value. Chandler also suggest that it is a relatively new buzz work that is creating waves as is opens doors for entrepreneurs to create new revenue streams. Entrepreneur Experts have different options of how they interrupt the entrepreneur. For Kirzner the entrepreneur is someone who is alert to profitable opportunities for exchange (Deakins, Freel, 2003). He see the individual acting more as the middle man but identifying customers as well as suppliers and taking action to bring to two together, anyone has the potential to be an entrepreneur. However Schumpeter has a contracting view, he sees the entrepreneur as an innovator. They bring about change but introduction something new. Nevertheless Peter Jones, a successful entrepreneur might agree with Kirzner, Entureprenuer are not born, they are made (Jones 2009). But Dr. Steve Gedeon of Ryerson University 2007, suggests that there are two types of entrepreneurs those whom start their own business venture and those whom Innovate within a corporate framework to add value to a company. By bring these views together it can be concluded that an entrepreneur is a person who undertakes, operates or proposes a new business venture. This usually takes place with an innovative mind set of introducing new or existing product/service into a new or existing market. It is usually found that an individual would not make this move without a significant befit. Infopreneur vs. Entrepreneur Just doing a simple search for infopreneur through the infopreneurial site of Google a user can find statement like: everyone is an expert in something make money from what you know on the other hand if a search is preformed regarding entrepreneurs you gain a list of famous entrepreneurs. There is no set of rules to follow to become a profitable entrepreneur. As Bill Gates states in recent article, The Internet makes the world simpler. For businesses, the Internet breaks down logistical barriers, offering greater flexibility and power in the way they do business. The language of the Internet is universal and easily grasped, any business can create products and services that make use of it. (Gates 2007) With the use of the internet escalating and becoming past of our day to day lives can the entrepreneur really survive? The following will discuss some of the challenges that both parties face: Old world rules vs. new world rules The entrepreneurs work with old world rules of business consisted of companies buying from suppliers, they create a physical product and sell these products through stores/outlets. Customers visit these to buy the products, this is governed by law. While the infopreneur has a new set of rules where by they present information that may not have to be purchased, it is a digital product that is on the internet. For example anyone can set up a blog and start to make money, Gina Garrubbo, executive vice president of BlogHer, There are millions of dollars to be made, (Shiels, 2008). Creating a blog if free, all the writer needs to do is to add an advertising service such as Google adsence, which displays targeted text and ads dependent on the blog context. The writer then receives money for reader click on the ads (Marshall, 2009). Customers never have to leave their home to access or buy the digital product/information, is some case the customer may ever set the price they wish to pay for the product. For example Jay Walkers invention of Priceline, invites users to name the price they want to pay for a variety of goods from hotels to airlines. (Price, 2000) Infopreneurs also benefit from the fact that the new world is not governed by heavy laws. It is clear to see that these rules matter when looking upon entrepreneurs and Infopreneurs as it can be seen that an entrepreneur plays to the old rules of business, added value by transforming a physical product and the infopreneur uses the new, business added value by transforming information. In the old world of business it is expected to see suppliers, customers, competitors and substitutes feeding into the business. For example Michael Dell an entrepreneur who revolutionized the personal computer industry but simple eliminating the middle man, has suppliers like Intel, competitors such as HP and Acer and rival substitutes of retail companies of PC world and Comet (Allen, 2002). However when looking upon the new world, not all exist in the business environment. It has been observed that suppliers are occasionally absent in the new world rules therefore making a dramatic impacted on the running cost. For example EBay simple acts as the middle man by bring customer and seller together, they have no suppliers (Price, 2000). Without suppliers the business has little to no out going cost leaving the business owner with considerable more income. The legal/Illegal battle In recent time it has been seen that the law is clamping down on cyberspace, for example Pirate bay is one of the most high profile file sharing web sites. It was set up in 2003 with millions of files being transferred everyday. The creators of the site have always denied breaking any copyright laws however they have just been sentenced to one year prison sentences and ordered to pay ÂÂ £3 m in damages (BBC, 2009). The creators ague that the site dose nothing more that Google dose and simply directs users to location where information/files can be found. The story of Pirate bay could be a starting block of the way the internet could be governed in the future. Cyberlaws could crash the industry for some Infopreneurs. For example, Bloggers could now face publicising laws if they refuse to publish correctly, it will affect anyone who post or publish anything on the internet. Secretary of State for Justice Jack Straw said Existing defamation law needs to be updated so it is fit for the modern age, and it is important we listen to views on the best way to achieve this. Freedom to hold and express opinions is a right that is vital to democracy, as is respect for the rights and freedoms of others. How these principles are balanced in the fast-changing internet age is a fascinating debate. Infopreneurs may think twice before entering the new world of the internet age, with big organization like these and also Yahoo facing court tribunals, A French judge has ruled that the US Internet Service Provider Yahoo! Inc must make it impossible for French users to access sites auctioning race hate memorabilia (BBC, 2000). Plus Web search giant Google faces a court case in Switzerland because of privacy concerns over its Street View service (BBC, 2009) It may not be a matter of if but when more cyberlaws come in to action as these governing bodies show there power to direct the future of the internet. The internet age The Internet has a revolutionary impactindividuals and businesses can overcome geographical, cultural and logistical barriers and improve the way they live and work. (Gates, 2007) as Bill Gates state the internet has open doors to us all. Business can be set up with just a few clicks of a mouse and customers never have to leave the comfort of their homes to access products and services online. This is now a well know term as the internet age. The world never sleeps and trading taking place online 24/7 within the global market of anytime anyplace anywhere (Louise Proddow 2000). September figures show that there is a staggering 1,733,993,741of internet users world wide (Internet Usage Statistics, 2009). As the use of the internet ever increasing the infopreneur business is growing as they are able utilize this every expanding market. The old world business of the entrepreneur has to significantly innovation to serve in the internet age. For example existing and well established entrepreneurs from the TV show Dragons Den, access new revenue streams by investing in innovative entrepreneur s and Infopreneurs, mentoring and acting as the middle man then benefit from the return on investment. There are using there knowledge to teach other on how to be a successful entrepreneur by doing this enforcing the options of Kirzner. The internet ages appeals to the business nature of the infopreneur by offering a global customer base with very little investment needed. If you already have a computer and word processing program, biggest investment is likely to be your time (Chandler, 2007). A few clicks the infopreneur has a global business however it could take a number of years for the entrepreneur to gain global visibility. In a recent article a BBC writer discussed how the internet could kill the high street, with smaller overheads than its High Street rivals. Internet businesses may have a better chance of surviving a deep recession than some of the big retail names. Shops selling electronic goods, books and music will find it ever harder to compete. The economics of the long tail, where web operators can make money by offering a vast selection of goods that no single store can accommodate, may now prove irresistible. Google tallering services to the end user. The online retail industry body reported that this year there was a 34 per cent increase in online shopping last year. Conclusion People from all ages and backgrounds have the opportunity to set up and run a successful online business. (Pickell, 2009) As stated previously, entrepreneurs need extensive amounts of funding but in contrast, infopreneur have virtually no risk or endless amounts of set up costs they can setup and start running a business in just a few clicks on a mouse. The infopreneur business is also nondependent on graphical location, their website is visible to the world but it could be aguwed that a entrepreneurs However it needs to be considered where the internet is going. As Kevin Kelly states at the 2007 EG conference, the world wide wed is only 5,000 days olds how can we predict what will happen in the next 5,000 days? Infopreneur are almost depend on entrepreneurs to dictate this as with out entrepreneurs like Tim Berners-Lee (the inventor of the WWW) and Bill Gates there would be no market place for Infopreneurs to function in. There are no laws that govern online activities yet they are rule to govern physical business that are set up by entrepreneurs. References Peter Jones 2009 [online] Entrepreneurs are not born, they are taught The skills needed to turn ideas into commercial successes must be taught in school says the Dragons Dens Peter Jones Comments (1) Buzz up! Digg it Peter Jones The Guardian, Tuesday 6 October 2009 http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2009/oct/06/dragons-den-peter-jones Dr. Steve Gedeon of Ryerson University 2007 [online] KIMBALL, Ralph and ROSS, Margy (2002). The data warehouse toolkit: the complete guide to dimensional modeling. 2nd ed., New York, Wiley. DEAKINS, David and FREEL, Mark (2003) Entrepreneurship and Small Firms. 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill Education, UK

Dealing with Clinical Depression: A Rough Idea :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Dealing with Clinical Depression: A Rough Idea Life is full of ups and downs. Every individual experiences mood changes, which are mere reaction to everyday experiences. The loss of a loved one might produce sadness while graduating from school might elicit happiness. Likewise a sunny day might make you smile while; a gray day in the winter might produce the â€Å"blues.† And yet, these reactions are normal, although by no means experienced by all whose lives are touched by the events. The blues are usually short-lived, hours to a few days in duration. They rarely disrupt ability to work and are rarely seen by outside observers as a marked shift in behavior ((2)). Yet the occasional blues is very different from the persistent â€Å"down,† that people with depression experience. It is estimated that in the United States about 19 million people or one in ten adults experience depression each year. Nearly two-thirds do not get help for the disease and or receive the treatment they need. They might be too embarrassed or ashamed to get help or they may not realize that they are depressed and need help. Others think that depression is just part of life and their feelings of sadness will pass in time. While most people experience depression at some time during their lives, depression that last more than a few weeks requires treatment (2). That is the odd thing about depression. Few of us think twice about going to the hospital to set a broken limb, because we know a health-care professional can help us. It is the same for depression. There is a long-running controversy about the cause of depression, which means no one, knows for sure: some say our personal history or experiences (psychology) cause depression, others say brain chemistry causes depression. Yet others say that depression is caused by genetic predisposition (4). Though all theories are valid and supported by various scientific findings, defining the cause of depression is complicated. Obviously, no two individuals become depressed in the same way. For example, one might become depressed from stress while another person might have a genetic predisposition to the disease. To add to the complication of depression, there are various types of the illness. Furthermore, various combinations and severity of symptoms can cause depression and many people su ffer only some traits associated with depression ((2)). Dealing with Clinical Depression: A Rough Idea :: Biology Essays Research Papers Dealing with Clinical Depression: A Rough Idea Life is full of ups and downs. Every individual experiences mood changes, which are mere reaction to everyday experiences. The loss of a loved one might produce sadness while graduating from school might elicit happiness. Likewise a sunny day might make you smile while; a gray day in the winter might produce the â€Å"blues.† And yet, these reactions are normal, although by no means experienced by all whose lives are touched by the events. The blues are usually short-lived, hours to a few days in duration. They rarely disrupt ability to work and are rarely seen by outside observers as a marked shift in behavior ((2)). Yet the occasional blues is very different from the persistent â€Å"down,† that people with depression experience. It is estimated that in the United States about 19 million people or one in ten adults experience depression each year. Nearly two-thirds do not get help for the disease and or receive the treatment they need. They might be too embarrassed or ashamed to get help or they may not realize that they are depressed and need help. Others think that depression is just part of life and their feelings of sadness will pass in time. While most people experience depression at some time during their lives, depression that last more than a few weeks requires treatment (2). That is the odd thing about depression. Few of us think twice about going to the hospital to set a broken limb, because we know a health-care professional can help us. It is the same for depression. There is a long-running controversy about the cause of depression, which means no one, knows for sure: some say our personal history or experiences (psychology) cause depression, others say brain chemistry causes depression. Yet others say that depression is caused by genetic predisposition (4). Though all theories are valid and supported by various scientific findings, defining the cause of depression is complicated. Obviously, no two individuals become depressed in the same way. For example, one might become depressed from stress while another person might have a genetic predisposition to the disease. To add to the complication of depression, there are various types of the illness. Furthermore, various combinations and severity of symptoms can cause depression and many people su ffer only some traits associated with depression ((2)).

The New Standard: VoiceXML Essay -- Computer Programming Languages

VoiceXML the New Standard for Voice Applications From the initial introduction of VoiceXML in March of 2000, the world of customer service and voice applications have been turned upside down. Before VoiceXML, companies were complaining about the flexibility of their voice applications. Problems were arising because consumers were growing tired of using the touch-tone keypad on their telephones to select options and companies were losing more money than they would have liked. In order to increase the portability of their applications, companies decided to find a new way to standardize their interface. The solution that came about was VoiceXML, which was created by Motorola, AT&T, Lucent Technologies and IBM. The VoiceXML language is based on the World Wide Web Consortium's XML standard. Through the use of VoiceXML speech enabled applications have begun to help companies cut costs and deliver superior service. This standard has almost revolutionized the way that companies handle automated calls. This standard has started a competitive market for other platforms that enable businesses to improve all processes of their customer care and communication over the phone. VoiceXML or VXML is an open standard for building and controlling intelligent voice applications that incorporate speech recognition and text to speech technologies. According to Xiaole Song, VoiceXML is designed to be platform independent around the same server logic pull model used for HTML applications. Developers are able to create audio dialogs that have speech, audio, and the recognition of spoken and touch tone input and mixed conversations. Most of the existing automatic call handling systems lacked intelligence because they were built on menu st... ...2001, Aug 1) Let voice XML speak [Online] 2 pages; Available: http://www.wirelessreview.com Song, Xiaole. (2004, June 14) Implementing Speech-Enables Contact Center Applications [Online], 6 pages, Available: http://www.tmcnet.com/ Mitchell, Robert L. (2005, August 22) Smart Talk: Speech-enabled apps deliver bottom line benefits [Online] 5 pages, Available: http://www.computerworld.com Mitchell, Robert L. (2005, August 22) Smart Talk: Speech-enabled apps deliver bottom line benefits [Online] 5 pages, Available: http://www.computerworld.com Mitchell, Robert L. (2005, August 22) Smart Talk: Speech-enabled apps deliver bottom line benefits [Online] 5 pages, Available: http://www.computerworld.com SPEECHTEK (2005, Aug. 1) VoiceXML Platform Certification Program Gains Momentum [Online] 2 pages, Available: http://www.voicexml.org/press/press_releases The New Standard: VoiceXML Essay -- Computer Programming Languages VoiceXML the New Standard for Voice Applications From the initial introduction of VoiceXML in March of 2000, the world of customer service and voice applications have been turned upside down. Before VoiceXML, companies were complaining about the flexibility of their voice applications. Problems were arising because consumers were growing tired of using the touch-tone keypad on their telephones to select options and companies were losing more money than they would have liked. In order to increase the portability of their applications, companies decided to find a new way to standardize their interface. The solution that came about was VoiceXML, which was created by Motorola, AT&T, Lucent Technologies and IBM. The VoiceXML language is based on the World Wide Web Consortium's XML standard. Through the use of VoiceXML speech enabled applications have begun to help companies cut costs and deliver superior service. This standard has almost revolutionized the way that companies handle automated calls. This standard has started a competitive market for other platforms that enable businesses to improve all processes of their customer care and communication over the phone. VoiceXML or VXML is an open standard for building and controlling intelligent voice applications that incorporate speech recognition and text to speech technologies. According to Xiaole Song, VoiceXML is designed to be platform independent around the same server logic pull model used for HTML applications. Developers are able to create audio dialogs that have speech, audio, and the recognition of spoken and touch tone input and mixed conversations. Most of the existing automatic call handling systems lacked intelligence because they were built on menu st... ...2001, Aug 1) Let voice XML speak [Online] 2 pages; Available: http://www.wirelessreview.com Song, Xiaole. (2004, June 14) Implementing Speech-Enables Contact Center Applications [Online], 6 pages, Available: http://www.tmcnet.com/ Mitchell, Robert L. (2005, August 22) Smart Talk: Speech-enabled apps deliver bottom line benefits [Online] 5 pages, Available: http://www.computerworld.com Mitchell, Robert L. (2005, August 22) Smart Talk: Speech-enabled apps deliver bottom line benefits [Online] 5 pages, Available: http://www.computerworld.com Mitchell, Robert L. (2005, August 22) Smart Talk: Speech-enabled apps deliver bottom line benefits [Online] 5 pages, Available: http://www.computerworld.com SPEECHTEK (2005, Aug. 1) VoiceXML Platform Certification Program Gains Momentum [Online] 2 pages, Available: http://www.voicexml.org/press/press_releases

Art is long, life is short Essay

For centuries people have felt enormous need to leave their trace in the world’s history. Some of them followed the line of least resistance – destruction, on the contrary of those who created things, art. I would like to tackle the problem of art and human life. To start with I feel like giving the definition to the notion â€Å"art†. I think it is quite true that art is the way of self-expression, the external manifestation of an internal state. It’s very hard for me to tell when the art starts, whether at the moment the idea appears, or at the time of the first physical effort to do it. What you need is to feel it. Furthermore, art never stops its existence. Tajmahal, works of Leonardo and Bach are going on living and influencing their creators’ descendants. Why does it happen? From my point of view, feelings which are born under ‘pressure’ of pieces of art are important in developing the system of world outlook and values. This is why art may be called eternal. Human lives, on the contrary, are too short comparing to the works of art. Moreover, one life is definitely not enough to cognize philosophy of life and art in all it manifestations. The only chance for human beings not to sink in the depths of history is to become a creator, creator of art, so that to live in his own works. For example, contemporary society knows little about Homer, his way of life; however, his immortal â€Å"Odyssey† is still lauding to the skies its author, making him alive after death. Thinking over the above mentioned I may conclude that art is a reflection of inner world and special unique vision of outside world, which is going on living even after its author’s death.

How far did conditions improve for Black Americans between 1945-1955? Essay

The decade following up to WW2 there was general hostility towards Black Americans, lynching’s and beatings were quite common in the Deep South. Due to the huge amount of volunteered/conscripted black Americans who joined to fight for ‘liberty and freedom’ in Europe, many also fought the war of liberty and freedom at home. When black soldiers returned majority were still met with the same segregation and racism that they had felt when they left. However you could see some improvements in political, social and economic conditions for them; largely achieved through a combination of federal measures, supreme court decisions, and black activism. But there were clear limits to this progress due to powerful forces such as white racist attitudes, congressional resistance and lack of executive commitment. Conditions Improved a) Political The way the black soldiers had fought had changed a number of people’s views, including President Harry S. Truman, whom was known for being racist, understood that there were social developments in place and the black population began to have a voice such as organisations like the NAACP. Immobilised Black American soldiers were given the chance to have a college education and they had took advantage of this, they had also been treated like heroes in Europe but were unequal in the USA- Truman saw this was injustice and though they shouldn’t be subject to racist attacks, which made them more motivated to take action. In connection to this, there was increased awareness of southern inequality due to more motor cars and televisions becoming more accessible, so campaigns were mobile and more recognised. His reaction to this was â€Å"the buck stops here† meaning he was determined to get equal human rights for all citizens. The extent to which his motives were questionable as it can be argued he was well aware the black vote was of growing importance for the Democratic Party, so he knew he needed to gain their support. However having the President on side was a great step to making black and white citizens equal, and was one of the key steps to success for the Civil Rights movement, the other two being a Supreme Court and congress with pro-civil rights majority in the US constitution. Truman took government action to help black people. In 1946, Truman established the President’s Committee on Civil Rights; they produced  a report â€Å"To Secure These Rights† which examined racial minorities in America, so that they could address these issues. Such problems included lynching (over 300 reported cases from 1882-1945), police brutality(barbaric beating, forced confessions when innocent), voting rights (in 1944 only 18% of black people in the South could vote), employment, education and healt h ( black people were paid less that whites even if educated, and medical schools refused to take black students and they had less doctors). The summary was that segregation was causing many problems, â€Å"separate but equal† did not exist as blacks did not receive equal treatment, and were seen as inferior to associate with white people. Truman also appointed William Hastie as the first black judge in relation to making opportunities fairer in employment and education. He also appointed Ralph Bunche as the American Ambassador of the United Nations; he mediated between the Israelis and Palestinians and won the Nobel peace prize for this in 1950. These government appointments impacted the psychology of the black and white citizens, they could all see that black people were beginning to get high positions of power and authority; this in turn would help secure more democratic black votes, as their fair opportunities were being shown to increase. He also recognised that black campaigners such as Philip Randolph were telling soldiers to not go to war due to how they were treated, and he used his power to desegregate armed forces, under an exec. Order 9981 which guaranteed â€Å"equality of treatment and opportunity for all†, this boosted the morale and confidence of soldiers which encouraged them to fight for America. The inauguration of Truman was also not segregated, which showed the immediate effect of his policies all around the world as he had publicity. social The NAACP- the National association for the advancement of coloured people were a popular protest group that fought segregation and wanted to enfranchise black people with rights , between 1939 and 42, their members had grown from 50,000 to 450,000 so by 45 they were well established.Groups like these used methods involving both direct and indirect action. The indirect action the NAACP took were supporting people in their court cases to get the Supreme Court to take notice of the political incorrectness for  black people. Such cases included the 1944 Smith v Alwright which concerned the voting rights of black people in Texas, they were allowed to vote in congressional elections but not primary elections- which were more important as it determined the winning candidate. The case was taken to the Supreme Court and the 15th amendment states that all citizens have the right to vote so the case was won and all white primary elections were outlawed throughout the whole of America. In 1946, the case of Morgan v Virginia was regarding the segregation of interstate bus services, she was fined for not giving up her seat for a white person and she argued her constitutional rights were violated. This was taken to the Supreme Court and her case was won, segregation on transport was ruled illegal. in1950, Sweatt v Painter was a case about a black student wanting to study law, but was refused admission in Texas, a new law school was built for black students only, but this was shown to be inferior to the white school so Sweatt was able to register for the Texas law school and so the case was a success. The Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka in 1954 showed how black children weren’t being provided with an adequate education, and that segregation had a negative effect on black children. It was recognised that southern states failed to provide an education and the racist education system didn’t reflect on the ideals on America, so the decision was reached due to a change in leadership of the Supreme Court, Earl Warren replaced the deceased judge and he was much more sympathetic so used his authority to persuade desegregation. This case was a major stepping stone for black people, however there was a lot of white backlash, southern racists were provoked, like the KKK and white citizens council. The case was re opened for Brown II in 1955 as desegregation was not happening fast enough especially in southern states so it was argued a timetable needed to be implemented. The Brown case also demonstrated how the new President Eisenhower (from 1953) was unwilling to help, and showed how de jure change had little de facto change in the Southern states especially. economic Much like when slavery was still legal, the primary jobs for African Americans in the south were in agriculture, where they would work for very low pay and as a result remain very poor. However war had forced the south to spend over $4.5 billion creating factories for war goods, blacks couldn’t  get jobs in them at first though due to racism and prejudice on the part of those hiring (a social issue). But this was resolved in 1941 when President Roosevelt, under the threat of ‘black’ activism issued an executive order creating the Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC). The FEPC forced industries not to discriminate on the grounds of ‘race, creed, colour or national origin’. This had made the economic situation for ‘blacks’ better but it wasn’t to last as many were fired from their war time jobs to be replaced with returning white servicemen. Still,the war period had vastly improved the economic situation for African Americans on the whole, this can be proved on statistics alone; the number of unemployed African Americans in 1940 was 937,000 but fell to 151,000 in 1945, showing a huge improvement. Simply due to the lower income made by ‘blacks’ in both the North and South meant they were forced into substandard housing (Ghettos) as they were unable to afford better. In the North ‘blacks’ were predominantly industrial workers and during war time there was a second wave of black migration from South to North (the first being ‘The Great Migration’). Again proved by statistics; in 1940 a quarter of African Americans lived in the North (primarily in industrial cities such as Philadelphia), but by 1950 it was nearly a third (a migration of about 500,000 during the war), this was driven by the ‘war boom’. It must still be kept in mind that although it jobs were better in the North the situation was still not ideal, ‘blacks’ would earn, on average, 50% less than their white colleagues and it was common for whites to object to the promotion of African Americans. Finally whites were still more likely to be employed over ‘blacks’ and example of this is in New York, where 6% of white men were unemployed compared to 10% of black men.

What can cause urbanisation in a developing country Essay

What can cause urbanisation in a developing country - Essay Example According to statistics, it is estimated that more than half i.e. approximately 60% of world’s population will be living in urban areas by the year 2030 (Knox, 2005). It is also estimated that more than 150000 people migrate to towns on daily basis, with less developed countries showing a higher trend than that of developed countries. For an urban area to be categorized as such, there are various indicators which must be present. These are for example the population density, percentage of under dependence on agriculture, public utilities among others but which may vary according to the state or country in question (Martine, 2008). This paper is a critical evaluation of the causes and negative effects of urbanization in developing countries. Urbanization in Developing Countries Urbanization as stated herein is the increased settlement of people in towns mostly after they relocate from rural areas. It is a phenomenon which has continued to attract attention especially since it i s considered a recipe for numerous negativities. There are various reasons why the rate of urbanization has been increasing in developing countries. To begin with, it has been found out that lack of job opportunities in the rural areas is a major contributing factor (Lynch, 2005). Most of the people living in rural areas depend highly on rain fed Agriculture as their lifeline. Apparently, the world has continued to experience harsh climatic conditions due to global warming, which has tampered with rainfall patterns such that areas that used to receive high amounts of rainfall are now suffering from lack of it and when it rains, it creates havoc in terms of flooding. This implies that people can no longer depend on farming alone to sustain their day to day financial requirements (Lynch, 2005). In addition, rural areas in developing countries are experiencing overpopulation as a result of low infant mortality rate coupled with high birth rate, which means that there is a lot of compet ition on the already available land (Bhatia, 2000). For example, a family that owns a land of 10 acres but comprising of 10 heirs means that each heir would inherit 1 acre of land which would then be subdivided among their offspring. In the end, each one of the residents after a generation is left with minimal space to conduct any viable development. As a result of these limitations, most of rural dwellers opt to migrate to towns where they end up acquiring cheap accommodation in substandard environments such as ghettos and shanties. It may also be necessary to observe that industrialization leads to mechanization especially in Agriculture and in this case, it means that the demand of manual laborers becomes low thereby creating the problem of unemployment, which in itself is a recipe for rural urban migration (Bhatia, 2000). Majority of developing countries also are experiencing a rapid growth of new industries, which are creating more demand for labor (Martine, 2008). This is a de velopment which is attracting young men and women to migrate from rural areas especially due to the fact that investors usually situate their premises in urban areas where there are high numbers of people who can provide ready market for the processed goods. The high demand for manufactured goods is due to the fact that urban dwellers do not participate in food production and therefore depend solely on their salaries and wages to budget for their daily needs. On the contrary, rural dwellers depend on their small chunks of land for food not forgetting the fact that the limitation of resources lowers their purchasing power thereby discouraging investors from establishing industries in those areas. It is also important to note that most of the governments in developing nations have failed to decentralize national resources such that rural areas

Struggle with Self-Image Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Struggle with Self-Image - Research Paper Example There are certain norms in the society that dictate how people should represent themselves and people portray these images instead of a person’s personal image. This paper will discuss the struggles with self image, highlighting the conflicts between man and himself, and man and the society as seen in Walker and Orwell’s essays. The essay, â€Å"beauty: when the other dancer is the self†, is about self realization and appreciating one’s own potentials. It’s a detailed account about how the author struggled with her self- image after a childhood accident that left one of her eyes disfigured. Orwell’s essay is about the author’s experience in a British ruled Burma where he was stationed as a young inexperienced soldier. While there he had to kill an elephant that had run rampant, this triggered some ethical conflicts within him (Gausel and Leach 7). In the beginning, when Walker was young she was convinced that beauty came from what the eye meets. At the age of two she is very confident in her beauty and she says â€Å"take me daddy, am the prettiest†. The way she describes her dress, she feels that everyone is admiring her beauty. She goes ahead and states that it was not her dress that they admired but it is her spirit that they adore. This shows the self love that Alice for herself which portrays a positive image. Loving yourself portrays positive attributes about you in other people’s eyes. To begin with, self image is all on the mind. Walker’s shallow perception of beauty was short lived. After the accident she could no longer maintain the former definition. She was able to see, but she could not perceive. Little did she know that all it takes is a positive self image; that the loss of her eye does not mean that she lost her beauty. What bothered her was how the society viewed her after the accident judging from their negative glances. According to Bates (3), Walker believed that all they saw was a glob of whitish tissue, a hideous cataract. Body image is part of self image. This includes more than what we look like or how other people view us. It is how we think, perceive or react about our physical attributes. Influence of our family, peers and the society affect our body image and consequently our self image. For instance, Walker had to be taken away to live with her grandparents to avoid ridicules from other children. Her parents did not stop to think if it would affect Alice’s self image (Bates 4). A positive body image contributes to improved psychological adjustments. This is exactly what happened when Walker’s daughter said she saw a world in her eye. In her little mind her mother was beautiful and her eye was unique. This gave Walker a wakeup call and she realized she was the one to blame for the anger she felt for all those years. Orwell on the other hand begins the essay by claiming his perception on the British imperialism. He claims how evi l they are yet he is a British soldier himself. This is the first indication of his struggle with self image. Deep inside he didn’t want to gun down the elephant. He said his ultimate decision was to avoid looking bad in front of villagers; that gave him a degree of shame. This clarify the issue that self image is grounded in social relations regulated by moral standards. If self image is inherently social, then improving it results in improved social relations. It is this shame that makes him to be more concerned about how the villagers perceive him (Leary & Ashley 9). He

Supply Chain Management case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Supply Chain Management - Case Study Example Another supplier evaluation research is carried out on the potential suppliers to ensure nothing has been overlooked before making a final decision. Selection of the supplier, negotiations and sending out the RFPs is done at this stage. Selecting the best source and integrating any conflicts in order to ensure the contract will be workable and finally is the monitoring of the supplier through the FedEx Supplier Scorecard system. The supply chain management comprises of a team of individuals assigned different roles and different suppliers to handle. Only one individual associate from the group is assigned to every supplier. The work of the associates is to take responsibility and oversee all the ground work necessary including being in charge of the research and profiling. They are also tasked with the responsibility to manage and nurture the relationship with the suppliers as well as ensuring that the needs of FedEx are well taken care of by the suppliers. They also keep close tabs with the happenings in the market and the other suppliers as well and any changes initiate their renegotiation with their current suppliers. This is carried out to prevent them from being short changed or losing out on new innovations and deals that will make them lose out the competitive advantage they currently hold in the industry. They also handle the decisions revolving around strategic management which means they coordinate the supplier and engineering groups as well as dealing with any challenges brought about by the sourcing process. Yes. The first step of the process that includes research and profiling is carried out by almost all the companies before selecting the best suppliers in the market. This is important for all the companies to doing order to eliminate frauds in the market, ensure they get a good bargain and deal for their money as well as being provided with only the best as long as they can

Salvation by Langston Huges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Salvation by Langston Huges - Essay Example Unfortunately none of these things happened to him. The author’s vivid description of the preacher’s sermon, where he relates stories of the fires of hell, and then of the sheep who came to the fold, and only one lamb left out in the cold; frightened most of the young children into being â€Å"saved†. The little girls were in tears and hurried to be saved, and finally, all but the author and his friend Westley remained, still waiting for Jesus to come to them. The pressure of the people, the deacon and the sisters is graphically described as the two young boys wait in the heat and noise of moaning and praying and singing in the church for some sign from Jesus. Finally the author describes how his friend Westley, gets tired of waiting and decides to be â€Å"saved.† The author, however in his innocence still waits. As his wait for Jesus moves from anticipation to confusion and finally, shame at making so many people wait for him, he decides to give in to the pressure.The fact that God had not harmed Westley , despite the fact that he had lied, added to his own conviction that it was better to lie than make so many people wait, and make more trouble for them. The guilt of his deceit and the lie that he had told, however, kept eating away at his conscience, and finally in a flood of tears, he wonders if there was Jesus, then why did he not come to help him? The piece is an illustration of how the innocence of a child is preyed upon by older people who try to force their views and opinions on the young, instead of allowing them to experience things for themselves and take their own decisions. The irony is that all the elders who brought pressure to bear on the author may not have been very honest about their having seen Jesus. When adults tell children to be honest, it is their first duty to set a good example, otherwise the young

Spiritual Formation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Spiritual Formation - Essay Example Spiritual formation can be separated, therefore, into different definitions according to one’s beliefs and experiences. The spiritual life in the biblical sense is one that should affect one’s daily life and his relationships not only with God but also with his neighbors. The one objective that sums up Jesus’ teachings while on earth was love. This was further reinforced by his disciples in the writings of the New Testament â€Å"faith, hope, and love; and the greatest of these is love.† It is difficult to separate the spiritual life from everyday life. As in our love of God and love of neighbor, the value of our rituals and devotional life is judged by how we behave in our daily life and work (Westerhoff 3). The desire to understand one self and his humanity can lead to spiritual formation. There is an intrinsic desire in man to seek God or that higher being that will explain his purpose here on earth. Some persons confuse this desire by aspiring for material things. A successful career, a happy family, good health and financial stability do not necessarily bring inner peace and contentment that comes with spiritual formation or being spiritually tuned with God. Since the early church spiritual formation has taken on new dimensions and emphasis. In the early church there was that special bond with the believers who live in a community and share the experiences and difficulties that came with the establishment of a new way of living. Jesus began a -learn as -they -go method with the disciples. He didn’t ask much from them; only to follow Him. Some were fishermen, one was a tax collector but their new quest of spiritual formation overshadowed their faults and shortcomings. In His humanness Jesus accepted the fact that they came with their own baggage, backgrounds and personalities. These disciples were not formed instantly. Even when Jesus walked among them they exhibited different emotions and weaknesses. At times they were fearful, angry,

Technology and Special Education Essay Example for Free

Technology and Special Education Essay Becoming a Special Education Teacher was all I could think about when I first had to sub at the Elementary school that I am now currently employed at. When I was asked to sub for a teacher that works with all kinds of students who have special needs rather it is a learning disability, handicap or behavior. I was scared, I jumped at the chance to sub plus the extra pay but I didn’t know what I was getting myself into. The first hour was shaky because the children knew I was scared and unsure of myself as their substitute teacher, but I would never forget one of the students came up and hugged me and said she was scared too; I asked her why; she said she didn’t know if I liked her. From that day I on I knew my heart and wanting to become a teacher was special education. These children who are lost in class because of their disability, they either gets picked on, singled out or the teacher just doesn’t call on them. I got hired on at the school as a special education aide, this was where I belonged. I got to see firsthand on how these children were treated in the classroom and outside of the classroom. I felt like now is my chance to get these teachers to understand that these wonderful children are as normal as we are, and that they need a chance to shine too. I loved working with these children but I felt that I should be doing something different with my life and education. Over the past few years I was told by the head of special education that I would be shadowing a 3 year old with down’s syndrome, my heart sunk I felt like this wasn’t for me and didn’t want the job. As soon as I met this wonderful child I knew deep in my heart that I was meant to be her teacher. She is the reason for me going back to college and getting a bachelors degree in education and working on my masters in special education, without her I don’t think I would have gone back to college. I have been working with this child for the past 4 years she is now seven, when looking back at the choice I made I am so glad I got a chance to be a part of this little girls life. My own children and family love this little girl like she was one of own; we have grown attached to her family and theirs to ours. We do family get together and special events, I wouldn’t change a thing. I am just amazed at how many stares or shocked faces when people ask me what do I do and I am proud to say that I teach a child with downs. Most of them don’t understand why I chose to do this and to this day they still ask why? The only thing I can say is why not, she is just as normal as you and me but needs a little more care and lots of patience. I am proud to say that I taught this child to write her very own name, yes it was a challenge and took a full year but this wonderful little girl can write her very own name with no help. This is what teaching is all about, getting the satisfaction that yes every child can learn regardless of their learning or disability. My goal for going back to school was to help special needs children, and I have finally reached that goal. To make sure I understand everything that I need to know. In order for me to become a great teacher, I will need to be learn to be more patient, show a lot of compassion, kindness , ability to listen/reasoning and most importantly is to be loving and love what teaching is all about. Taking what I learned from them and teaching it to my own kids. I want to be able to make a difference in someone’s life. Especially letting people know, that no matter how old you are you can still go back to school and get a degree and fulfill you dream. Not just anyone can say today I am going to go teach a special needs child, teaching a special needs takes patience, compassion and most importantly an education in this field. I feel that in order to succeed in becoming a special education educator use must have some or most of these qualities: be good humored, organized, very accepting to every student, be creative with their teaching methods, even tempered, thick skinned, optimistic and finally being dedicated to their work and their students. Having a good sense of humor helps you and your students, because when you are having fun teaching and enjoying your students. Your students feel the same way and when you are down, upset and depressed they also feel the tension that you are putting off. So it is important for a teacher to be good humored. For example my student is still being potty trained and when she has a messy accident I can turn my back for one quick second and she is already finger painted the walls. I want to get so made at her and scream and yell â€Å"what do you think you are doing † but when I look into her eyes I just laugh, this is why you have to be good humored. Being organized and prepared can also help you succeed in teaching, you have to be able to adjust or modify what you are teaching because not every student learns the same way. For instance my student can be having an off day and tired of the same old routine so I have to be prepared to get her out of her moods to where she wants to learn and have fun at the same time. Being able to adjust and modify your lesson plans in order to help your student succeed in their education for that day. Every educator no matter what they are certified to teach must welcome all students with open arms and a smile. We as teachers need to stop and think is that it’s not the child’s fault they are like this but as educators we can find ways around their learning disability and help them learn. A teacher doesn’t get to pick their star students to teach but the teacher can make any student a star student just by accepting that student for who they are and also by guiding them to the right path for success. Getting to know your students and understanding them will help you and your student in the long run. Every teacher needs to learn to think outside the box when to come to teaching, especially when the students start to get bored or restless with the same old teaching style. Children all of all ages and disabilities all love it when teachers come up with crazy ideas on how to teach a certain subject. It helps keep children entertained and focused on what they are being taught. Bringing creativity into the classroom will have the benefit of enriching your classroom environment as well. For example when it was STARR testing at our school my student and I and to go to the storage/break room, of course I wasn’t fully prepared for this last minute arrangement. Needless to say I used paper cups and plates and wrote letters and numbers on them so we made our own game to where she can still learned her abcs and counting. She loved every minute of it. Working with special needs children can be very challenging and rewarding all at the same time. However the teacher must be able to respond very quickly when their students lose their temper or become out of control. Students can get out of control when the teacher is not strict, firm or being kind, teacher needs to watch what they say and what they do, so they always have wits about them and most importantly stay calm. For example I was working with my student when another teacher raised her voice and an autism boy started panicking and going out of control, instead of talking this boy and getting him madder and scared than what he already is. I started singing his favorite song that he likes â€Å"Twinkle Twinkle Little Star† and after a few minutes of singing he calmed down and came and set in my lap. A teacher must always know what to do when a child gets out of control, they should know their students inside and out. A teacher has to be confident in themselves and in their teachings. When working with any child especially ones who do have special needs, the teacher can’t keep second guessing herself. You have to stay calm and confident al all times and don’t let the children see that you are overwhelmed or stressed because some children feed off that and it will be harder to stay focused on your teachings. Teachers are intuitive, they need to be able to watch and learn how their student is trying to communicate with them or what they are asking for. For example my student who is seven has speech issues to where any person can talk to her and when she replies back they have no clue what she is saying. I have been with this child for the past 4 years that we know what she is saying through some sign and just by watching what she is doing. A teacher needs to know their students inside and out and find ways that they can communicate with their student. A teacher must be thick skinned or be able to get over any rude or name calling that their child calls them. Children act out because they don’t know what else to do when they are made or scared. So they start calling their teachers names or using bad words. Teacher needs to overcome the name calling and still let their student know what they still love them. Being optimistic when teaching children at any age, showing and encouraging them not to give up and to keep trying makes the best teacher there is. When I child hears encouragement then they know that the teacher is there for them and will help them in any way to find them a way to understand what they are being taught or what they are wanting to do. Dedication is the magic word when it comes to teaching children. Getting to know a child who does have special needs does to a caring, compassion and dedicated person. They are in it to help and care for these children and help them get an education no matter how many hurdles or obstacles’ are in the way. I knew that when I was asked to be with a child that has downs from the time she got to school till she went home, I was scared but I was up for the challenge. I feel that in my heart being a dedicated, caring, loving and compassionate person will help me strive to be the very best special educator teacher at there. There are challenges and obstacles that all special educators must face and get through, especially when it comes to the law and being able to provide services for these children. There are a lot of rules, regulation and laws that every teacher has to abide by. Although we understand these rules we always have a question in the back our minds. My question is that knowing we are a public school is providing the right services for our student with downs? oCan we trust our school system Special education staff will rarely tell you that they cant pay for what youre asking for. The IDEA mandates that services cannot be denied on the basis of cost, but special educators know the federal government has never provided sufficient funds to implement that requirement. Special education staff wish you knew that they have little, if any, say in the budget process. Knowing they can meet your childs needs in other ways, special education teachers often try to steer parents away from costly alternatives because they have to. IDEA requires schools to provide an appropriate education not the best possible services (Logsdon). I feel that through all the thick and thin I still want to be the very best special education educator out there. If we aren’t the very best and teaching our children, then who can our children trust? Parents have the right to find the very best education for their children rather it’s a public school, private school or a school that fits their child’s disability. I would want the very best for my own children and for my students. I feel that I have the drive to be able to teach a child and get to know them on their level inside and out. I can be there to help them get the proper education because I can offer them love, care, compassion and all my devotion to them. People who want to work with children need to ask themselves these questions: Would I be a good special education teacher? Do I have the desires and skills to be a successful special education teacher, and actually enjoy what I do? I can honestly answer yes, after working with children who have all sorts of special needs and faced so many challenges. I am ready to take on new and different challenges that the students will bring. I want the students to be able trust me and let me guide them to the right education, and help find them ways that they are comfortable with their learning skills. In order for me to become a successful educator I need to find ways that will help me communicate with the student when the student has speech issues, find ways to help children who are handicapped to learn. There are all kinds of reasons why I will become a successful special education educator and devotion and commitment sums it up. My goal for going back to school was all due to my family and my special little student, reason why was to help special needs children, and I have finally reached that goal. While taking these online classes, I feel like they have molded me into the teacher I want to be. What I expect from my instructors is the same compassion about teaching is the way I feel. To make sure I understand everything that I need to know. In order for me to become a great teacher, I will need to be learn to be more patient, show a lot of compassion, kindness , ability to listen/reasoning and most importantly is to be loving and love what teaching is all about. Taking what I learned from them and teaching it to my own kids. I want to be able to make a difference in someone’s life. Especially letting people know, that no matter how old you are you can still go back to school and get a degree and fulfill you dream. That’s why I am taking these classes to for fill my dream and to help those children in need of an education from someone who can be devoted, love, care and give them compassion for who they are on the inside and on the outside. My philosophy that I go by is strictly based on that every child no matter what disability they have has the chance and deserves the opportunity to have an education. No child should be held accountable or punished because of their disability. Every student can learn it just take time and a lot of patience on both ends. This quote by Helen Keller is something that I agree with, hope and confidence helps your child succeed as long as you hold faith, hope and confidence when teaching your student. I believe as long as you have hope in a student then they will start to have faith in themselves and want to succeed with their education regardless of any hurdles that they come across. Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement, nothing can be done without hope and confidence. Helen Keller References: View as multi-pages.